Autism/Asperger Definition:
Autism is defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is the name given to describe the wide range of behaviours amongst the Autistic population. Children with autism are less able to interact with the world as other children do. Typically they have deficits in three key areas: Verbal and non-verbal Communication, Social awareness and interactions Imaginative play (variable interests and behaviours). There are separate labels given to children with autism for different points on the Autism spectrum. At the least affected end, you may find labels such as Asperger's Syndrome, High Functioning Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorder - Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS). At the other end of the spectrum you may find labels such as Autism, Classic Autism and Kanner Autism.
Learn more about Autism/Asperger:
Link Between Epilepsy And Autism Found Adults with epilepsy are more likely to have a greater number of characteristics of autism and Asperger syndrome, according to new research by the University of Bath, England. The finding was discovered by Dr. SallyAnn Wakeford, a PhD student from the University's Department of Psychology, and revealed a previously unknown link between epileptic seizures and the signs of autism in adults...
Human Intelligence Cannot Be Explained By The Size Of The Brain's Frontal Lobes Research into the comparative size of the frontal lobes in humans and other species has determined that they are not - as previously thought - disproportionately enlarged relative to other areas of the brain, according to the most accurate and conclusive study of this area of the brain...
Tuberous Sclerosis Brain Science Doctors often diagnose tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) based on the abnormal growths the genetic disease causes in organs around the body. Those overt anatomical structures, however, belie the microscopic and mysterious neurological differences behind the disease's troublesome behavioral symptoms: autism, intellectual disabilities, and seizures...
An Underlying Cause Of Autism Could Be Indicated By Enhanced Motion Perception Children with autism see simple movement twice as quickly as other children their age, and this hypersensitivity to motion may provide clues to a fundamental cause of the developmental disorder, according to a new study. Such heightened sensory perception in autism may help explain why some people with the disorder are painfully sensitive to noise and bright lights...
Twitter Analysis Reveals Abuse Of Adderall As College Study Aid A growing number of college students are abusing the ADHD medication Adderall to give them an academic edge, and they're tweeting about it. Thanks to Twitter, tracking roughly when and where Adderall use happens is now possible. So a group of BYU health science and computer science researchers did just that...
Psychology, Psychiatry And Neuroscience News From 'Frontiers' Frontiers in Psychology Inherently analog quantity representations in olive baboons (Papio anubis) Human babies can 'count' up to 3 or 4, but for greater numbers, infants - and adults when distracted from counting precisely - use the analog system for comparing between counts of objects...
Early Intervention Program For Children With Autism Found To Be Cost Effective Through School Years The Early Start Denver Model (ESDM), a comprehensive behavioral early intervention program that is appropriate for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as young as 12 months, has been found to reduce the need for ASD therapies and special education services through the school years following their early intervention. These findings were presented by David S. Mandell, Sc.D...
How A Text Message A Day Can Keep The Asthma Attack Away Simply sending children with asthma a text message each day asking about their symptoms and providing knowledge about their condition can lead to improved health outcomes...
Larger Babies Are At A Greater Risk Of Autism Babies who are above average in size when they are born are at a greater risk of autism, as well as those who are born below average in size, according to the biggest study of fetal growth and autism to date. The findings, published in The American Journal of Psychiatry, show the first clear link between large babies at birth and the risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder...
Researchers Successfully Treat Autism In Infants Most infants respond to a game of peek-a-boo with smiles at the very least, and, for those who find the activity particularly entertaining, gales of laughter. For infants with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), however, the game can be distressing rather than pleasant, and they'll do their best to tune out all aspects of it - and that includes the people playing with them...
Early Differentiation Of Higher Brain Structures Affected By Competing Pathways Sand-dwelling and rock-dwelling cichlids living in East Africa's Lake Malawi share a nearly identical genome, but have very different personalities. The territorial rock-dwellers live in communities where social interactions are important, while the sand-dwellers are itinerant and less aggressive...
Abnormal Placentas At Birth Reveal Increased Risk For Autism Researchers at the Yale School of Medicine have figured out how to measure an infant's risk of developing autism by looking for abnormalities in his/her placenta at birth, allowing for earlier diagnosis and treatment for the developmental disorder. The findings are reported in the online issue of Biological Psychiatry...
Use Of Anti-Epileptic Drug During Pregnancy Associated With Increased Risk Of Autism Maternal use of valproate (a drug used for the treatment of epilepsy and other neuropsychological disorders) during pregnancy was associated with a significantly increased risk of autism in offspring, according to a study in the April 24 issue of JAMA. The authors caution that these findings must be balanced against the treatment benefits for women who require valproate for epilepsy control...
Significant First Step In The Design Of A Multivalent Vaccine Against Several Autism-Related Gut Bacteria A first-ever vaccine created by University of Guelph researchers for gut bacteria common in autistic children may also help control some autism symptoms. The groundbreaking study by Brittany Pequegnat and Guelph chemistry professor Mario Monteiro appears this month in the journal Vaccine. They developed a carbohydrate-based vaccine against the gut bug Clostridium bolteae. C...
Interventions Offer New Hope For Autistic Children Who Never Learn To Speak An Autistica consultation published this month found that 24% of children with autism were non-verbal or minimally verbal, and it is known that these problems can persist into adulthood. Professionals have long attempted to support the development of language in these children but with mixed outcomes...
A Newborn's Placenta Can Predict Risk For Autism Examining a newborn's placenta for abnormalities can identify the child's risk for autism, according to a new study by researchers at the Yale School of Medicine...
The Role Of Epigenetic Influences In Autism Scientists from King's College London have identified patterns of epigenetic changes involved in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by studying genetically identical twins who differ in autism traits...
Taking Valproate While Pregnant Raises Autism Risk Researchers have found that pregnant women who take the drug valproate (for epilepsy) could be at an increased risk of giving birth to a child with autism, according to a new study published in the journal JAMA...
Changes To Autism Diagnosis: Benefits And Challenges Ahead Next month, the American Psychiatric Association will release its new edition of the psychiatry diagnostic "bible" of mental disorders. The new Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) will have a strong impact on how clinicians diagnose many mental health conditions, including autism...
Evolving Genes Researchers have designed a method that can universally test for evolutionary adaption, or positive (Darwinian) selection, in any chosen set of genes, using re-sequencing data such as that generated by the 1000 Genomes Project. The method identifies gene sets that show evidence for positive selection in comparison with matched controls, and thus highlights genes for further functional studies...
Brain Activity Distinguishes An Autistic Brain From A Non-Autistic Brain Neuroscientists from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and the University of Toronto have developed an efficient and reliable method of analyzing brain activity to detect autism in children. Their findings appear in the online journal PLOS ONE...
Learning Disabilities Affect Up To 10 Per Cent Of Children Up to 10 per cent of the population are affected by specific learning disabilities (SLDs), such as dyslexia, dyscalculia and autism, translating to 2 or 3 pupils in every classroom according to a new study. The study - by academics at UCL and Goldsmiths - also indicates that children are frequently affected by more than one learning disability...
Propranolol Could Improve Working Memory In Autism People with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often have trouble communicating and interacting with others because they process language, facial expressions and social cues differently. Previously, researchers found that propranolol, a drug commonly used to treat high blood pressure, anxiety and panic, could improve the language abilities and social functioning of people with an ASD...